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11 Types of Dog Coats & How to Care for Them

Written by: Kristin Hitchcock

Last Updated on September 18, 2024 by Dogster Team

chow chow dog standing in the garden

11 Types of Dog Coats & How to Care for Them

Dogs come in all different shapes and sizes and with lots of different coats. While most people divide dogs into “shorthaired” and “longhaired,” there are actually many different coat types. The short coat of a Beagle is very different from the short coat of a Labrador Retriever, for instance, and the dog world has come up with different terms to describe all these types of dog coats.

These coats affect how much grooming the dog requires, how much they shed, and what climates they’re best suited for.

While coat type isn’t the only thing you should consider when picking out what dog to get, it should be a consideration. Let’s take a look at some of the main types of dog coats:

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The 11 Types of Dog Coats

1. Smooth Coat

shiny black dachshund
Image Credit: NORRIE3699, Shutterstock

A “smooth coat” is the shortest type of coat. It’s very, very short, so much so that the dog hardly has any fur at all. There is little to no undercoat, so the dog is less protected from the weather. However, these dogs simply don’t have much fur to shed. While they may not actually shed less than other dogs, their fur will be in smaller amounts, making them a suitable option for those who don’t want to deal with tons of dog fur.

These dogs don’t need to be brushed or groomed much at all, thanks to their very short fur. They may need a bath occasionally, but that’s about it.

Smooth-coated dogs include:

2. Short Coat

Labrador Retriever dog standing on the lawn
Image Credit: Radomir Rezny, Shutterstock

Dogs with short coats still have very short fur, but it isn’t quite as short as a smooth coat. While it may be slightly longer, these dogs don’t need tons of grooming, either. They may need to be brushed occasionally to remove loose fur and control shedding, but they won’t be prone to tangling.

These dogs may have an undercoat. Dogs that do have an undercoat will shed more, as their fur will be a bit thicker. However, they’ll also be more “weather-proof,” able to handle colder temperatures and rain. Whether or not the specific breed has an undercoat has a huge impact on their grooming requirements.


3. Double Coat

siberian husky dog standing on grass
Image Credit: Edalin Photograhy, Shutterstock

Dog breeds with a double coat have short to moderately long fur. They may also fall into one of the other fur categories, depending on the length of their fur. However, these dogs are characterized by having two different layers to their coat.

The top layer is coarse and water-resistant. It keeps the dog dry and protects them from dirt. The undercoat is soft and insulating. It’s protected by the topcoat, but it may not do its job as well if it is exposed (such as when the dog is trimmed). Therefore, trimming these dogs is not recommended, even if they do have somewhat longer fur.

These dogs tend to shed heavily, as their undercoat is very dense.


4. Wire Coat

airedale terrier standing in the forest
Image Credit: otsphoto, Shutterstock

Dogs with a wire coat have a harsh, coarse coat that grows constantly. To maintain the texture and length of the coat, the dogs must be regularly stripped. This grooming technique involves cutting out the dead undercoat. You can learn to do it at home, but it is a bit more complicated than brushing.

Luckily, these dogs shed much less than others, though some fur loss is still to be expected. They may have a dense undercoat, which is where most of the shedding will come from.

If their guard hairs are allowed to get too long, they may be prone to matting. However, this really depends on the breed. Some are more prone to matting than others.


5. Curly Coat

red toy poodle in the park
Image Credit: Mykhaylo_Kozelko, Shutterstock

As the name suggests, this coat type is characterized by its curls. The exact type of curl can vary. Some dogs have very loose waves, while others have very dense curls. These dogs have no undercoat and may not shed at all, depending on the breed. Poodles, the famous non-shedding dog, fall into this category.

Often, you must have these dogs professionally trimmed. Their fur typically continuously grows, and they can be prone to matting. Brushing is required, but you don’t have to worry about shedding.


6. Long Coat

cream havanese dog is standing on a forest
Image Credit: Dorottya Mathe, Shutterstock

Dogs with long coats can have a variety of hair textures. Sometimes, these dogs also fall into the curly coat category, depending on their haircut. Other times, their coats may be very straight and shed profusely.

Either way, the longer their coat is, the more grooming you can expect to do. If the dog sheds, you can expect more shedding. If the dog doesn’t shed, their coat must be brushed to keep tangles away. You’re going to be spending quite a bit of time brushing them either way.

Long-coated dogs include:

7. Hairless Coat

Close up portrait One Mexican hairless dog
Image Credit: Masarik, Shutterstock

Hairless dogs are rare, but there are several breeds out there that grow little to no hair. These dogs don’t require any of the grooming dogs traditionally do. You don’t have to worry about shedding or brushing. However, they require their own type of skin care due to their exposed skin.

These breeds can be prone to skin problems and sunburns. Because they don’t have a coat to protect their skin, they often require more bathing than other dogs.

Therefore, don’t assume these dogs are low-maintenance just because they have different fur. They just require a different kind of maintenance.


8. Combination Coat

Chinese Crested Dog standing on the grass
Image Credit: Zuzule, Shutterstock

Dogs with this coat type have two or more coat types. For instance, dogs may have a shorter coat on most of their body and very feathery legs. Other dogs may be hairless except for small portions of their body, like the Chinese Crested. Some dogs may have very short fur on their stomachs and long fur everywhere else.

If only a very small portion of the dog’s body is a different coat type, you can often groom them according to their main coat type. However, you may need to groom sections of their body in different ways.

For instance, Chinese Cresteds are mostly hairless except for their ears and heads. You’ll often need to brush the fur they do have, but you don’t have to brush the rest of their (hairless) body.


9. Silky Coat

red Irish setter dog on the mountains
Image Credit: Kseniia Kolesnikova, Shutterstock

Dogs with silky coats have very long, fine fur. These dogs aren’t like Poodles in that their fur continuously grows. Therefore, they don’t need professional trimming in most cases. However, they can be prone to matting, so brushing is required.

Depending on the breed, some owners may have their dogs cut shorter to lower their grooming needs. In most cases, you will need to brush them daily.


10. Heavy Coat

great pyrenees dog standing at the beach
Image Credit: everydoghasastory, Shutterstock

Dogs with heavy coats simply have a lot of fur. Their thick, dense coat usually developed to help them survive in frigid places, often in mountainous areas. While this coat is often helpful in colder places, their dense coat requires tons of grooming. They tend to have lots of dead fur and may even mat without proper grooming.

Keeping these dogs clean can be a challenge, as their fur tends to suck up dirt and debris. However, they work great for colder areas and those who want a dog with a fabulous coat.

Heavily coated dogs include:

11. Wool Coat

a komondor dog standing on grass
Image Credit: Lenkadan, Shutterstock

Wool-coated dogs have fur that is similar to sheep’s wool. It is very thick and even hard to penetrate in some cases. Many of these dogs are groomed to develop “locks” of fur, which keep them from being overly hard to groom.

These dogs are rarer than other coat types, and most breeds were originally herding dogs. Their thick coats helped them blend into their charges and kept them protected from the elements.

Wool-coated dogs include:

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Final Thoughts

When choosing a dog, you should keep their coat in mind. Try to match your chosen breed to your climate for the best results. Very furry dogs don’t always do well in warmer climates, while hairless dogs would be overly exposed somewhere cold.

You also have to consider how much grooming you’re willing to put in. The lowest maintenance dog breeds have smooth and short coats. These dogs may shed, but they don’t require much brushing or bathing. Hairless dogs may seem low-maintenance, but they often need more bathing, sunscreen application, and skin care.


Featured Image Credit: Liliya Kulianionak, Shutterstock

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